Metabolic surgery and obesity surgery (also known as bariatric surgery) both help with weight loss, but their main goals are different. Obesity surgery focuses on reducing body weight in patients with severe obesity, aiming to improve general health and obesity-related problems. In contrast, metabolic surgery targets metabolic diseases like type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and cholesterol issues, even in patients with lower BMI. While both procedures can help people lose weight, metabolic surgery is primarily designed to improve hormonal balance and metabolic health.

Gastric sleeve surgery, also called sleeve gastrectomy, offers many advantages for people struggling with obesity. It leads to rapid weight loss, improves diabetes, high blood pressure, and reduces hunger by lowering ghrelin hormone levels. The procedure is minimally invasive and has a quicker recovery time. However, there are disadvantages, including the risk of acid reflux, nutritional deficiencies, and the fact that the surgery is not reversible. Patients must follow a healthy diet and lifestyle to maintain long-term results after gastric sleeve surgery.

Gastric sleeve surgery and gastric bypass surgery are two common types of weight loss surgery, but they work in different ways. Gastric sleeve reduces the stomach size by 70-80%, limiting food intake and lowering hunger hormones. Gastric bypass not only makes the stomach smaller but also reroutes the intestines, reducing calorie and nutrient absorption. While gastric sleeve is simpler with fewer risks of nutritional deficiencies, gastric bypass often leads to faster weight loss and better improvement in type 2 diabetes. Choosing between gastric sleeve vs gastric bypass depends on individual health goals.

Mini gastric bypass (MGB) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RNY) are both effective weight loss surgeries, but they have key differences. Mini gastric bypass is a simpler, quicker procedure with a single intestinal connection, leading to shorter surgery time and faster recovery. RNY gastric bypass involves two connections (anastomoses), offering more long-term data on weight loss and better control of severe acid reflux. However, MGB may cause a higher risk of bile reflux. Choosing between mini gastric bypass vs RNY gastric bypass depends on individual health conditions and surgeon recommendations.

Sleeve-Plus surgery combines gastric sleeve with an additional bypass procedure to offer both restriction and malabsorption for better weight loss and metabolic control. Common types include SADI-S (Single Anastomosis Duodeno-Ileal Bypass) and Duodenal Switch. Unlike standard gastric sleeve, Sleeve-Plus reduces calorie absorption by bypassing part of the intestines. Compared to RNY gastric bypass, Sleeve-Plus offers stronger diabetes remission and greater weight loss, with fewer risks of dumping syndrome but a higher need for vitamin supplementation. Sleeve-Plus surgery is ideal for patients needing aggressive obesity and metabolic treatment.

Gastric bypass surgery is a popular weight loss procedure with different methods, including the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RNY) and Mini Gastric Bypass (MGB). RNY involves creating a small stomach pouch and rerouting the intestines, while MGB uses a simpler, single connection for faster recovery. Gastric bypass is recommended for people with severe obesity (BMI over 35), especially those with type 2 diabetes, sleep apnea, or high blood pressure. It helps with rapid weight loss, improves metabolic health, and reduces obesity-related diseases.